IterableOnceOps
This implementation trait can be mixed into an IterableOnce to get the basic methods that are shared between
Iterator and Iterable.
This implementation trait can be mixed into an IterableOnce to get the basic methods that are shared between
Iterator and Iterable. The IterableOnce must support multiple calls to iterator but may or may not
return the same Iterator every time.
Value members
Abstract methods
Builds a new collection by applying a partial function to all elements of this collection on which the function is defined.
Builds a new collection by applying a partial function to all elements of this collection on which the function is defined.
- Type Params
- B
the element type of the returned collection.
- Value Params
- pf
the partial function which filters and maps the collection.
- Returns
a new collection resulting from applying the given partial function
pfto each element on which it is defined and collecting the results. The order of the elements is preserved.
Selects all elements except first n ones.
Selects all elements except first n ones.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered.
- Value Params
- n
the number of elements to drop from this collection.
- Returns
a collection consisting of all elements of this collection except the first
nones, or else the empty collection, if this collection has less thannelements. Ifnis negative, don't drop any elements.
Drops longest prefix of elements that satisfy a predicate.
Drops longest prefix of elements that satisfy a predicate.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered.
- Value Params
- p
The predicate used to test elements.
- Returns
the longest suffix of this collection whose first element does not satisfy the predicate
p.
Selects all elements of this collection which satisfy a predicate.
Selects all elements of this collection which satisfy a predicate.
- Value Params
- p
the predicate used to test elements.
- Returns
a new iterator consisting of all elements of this collection that satisfy the given predicate
p. The order of the elements is preserved.
Selects all elements of this collection which do not satisfy a predicate.
Selects all elements of this collection which do not satisfy a predicate.
- Value Params
- pred
the predicate used to test elements.
- Returns
a new collection consisting of all elements of this collection that do not satisfy the given predicate
pred. Their order may not be preserved.
Builds a new collection by applying a function to all elements of this collection and using the elements of the resulting collections.
Builds a new collection by applying a function to all elements of this collection and using the elements of the resulting collections.
For example:
def getWords(lines: Seq[String]): Seq[String] = lines flatMap (line => line split "\\W+")The type of the resulting collection is guided by the static type of collection. This might cause unexpected results sometimes. For example:
// lettersOf will return a Seq[Char] of likely repeated letters, instead of a Set
def lettersOf(words: Seq[String]) = words flatMap (word => word.toSet)
// lettersOf will return a Set[Char], not a Seq
def lettersOf(words: Seq[String]) = words.toSet flatMap ((word: String) => word.toSeq)
// xs will be an Iterable[Int]
val xs = Map("a" -> List(11,111), "b" -> List(22,222)).flatMap(_._2)
// ys will be a Map[Int, Int]
val ys = Map("a" -> List(1 -> 11,1 -> 111), "b" -> List(2 -> 22,2 -> 222)).flatMap(_._2)- Type Params
- B
the element type of the returned collection.
- Value Params
- f
the function to apply to each element.
- Returns
a new collection resulting from applying the given collection-valued function
fto each element of this collection and concatenating the results.
Converts this collection of traversable collections into a collection formed by the elements of these traversable collections.
Converts this collection of traversable collections into a collection formed by the elements of these traversable collections.
The resulting collection's type will be guided by the type of collection. For example:
val xs = List(
Set(1, 2, 3),
Set(1, 2, 3)
).flatten
// xs == List(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3)
val ys = Set(
List(1, 2, 3),
List(3, 2, 1)
).flatten
// ys == Set(1, 2, 3)- Type Params
- B
the type of the elements of each traversable collection.
- Value Params
- asIterable
an implicit conversion which asserts that the element type of this collection is a
GenTraversable.
- Returns
a new collection resulting from concatenating all element collections.
Builds a new collection by applying a function to all elements of this collection.
Builds a new collection by applying a function to all elements of this collection.
- Type Params
- B
the element type of the returned collection.
- Value Params
- f
the function to apply to each element.
- Returns
a new collection resulting from applying the given function
fto each element of this collection and collecting the results.
Produces a collection containing cumulative results of applying the operator going left to right, including the initial value.
Produces a collection containing cumulative results of applying the operator going left to right, including the initial value.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered.
- Type Params
- B
the type of the elements in the resulting collection
- Value Params
- op
the binary operator applied to the intermediate result and the element
- z
the initial value
- Returns
collection with intermediate results
Selects an interval of elements.
Selects an interval of elements. The returned collection is made up
of all elements x which satisfy the invariant:
from <= indexOf(x) < untilNote: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered.
- Value Params
- from
the lowest index to include from this collection.
- until
the lowest index to EXCLUDE from this collection.
- Returns
a collection containing the elements greater than or equal to index
fromextending up to (but not including) indexuntilof this collection.
Splits this collection into a prefix/suffix pair according to a predicate.
Splits this collection into a prefix/suffix pair according to a predicate.
Note: c span p is equivalent to (but possibly more efficient than)
(c takeWhile p, c dropWhile p), provided the evaluation of the
predicate p does not cause any side-effects.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered.
- Value Params
- p
the test predicate
- Returns
a pair consisting of the longest prefix of this collection whose elements all satisfy
p, and the rest of this collection.
Selects the first n elements.
Selects the first n elements.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered.
- Value Params
- n
the number of elements to take from this collection.
- Returns
a collection consisting only of the first
nelements of this collection, or else the whole collection, if it has less thannelements. Ifnis negative, returns an empty collection.
Takes longest prefix of elements that satisfy a predicate.
Takes longest prefix of elements that satisfy a predicate.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered.
- Value Params
- p
The predicate used to test elements.
- Returns
the longest prefix of this collection whose elements all satisfy the predicate
p.
Applies a side-effecting function to each element in this collection.
Applies a side-effecting function to each element in this collection.
Strict collections will apply f to their elements immediately, while lazy collections
like Views and LazyLists will only apply f on each element if and when that element
is evaluated, and each time that element is evaluated.
- Type Params
- U
the return type of f
- Value Params
- f
a function to apply to each element in this collection
- Returns
The same logical collection as this
Concrete methods
Appends all elements of this collection to a string builder using start, end, and separator strings.
Appends all elements of this collection to a string builder using start, end, and separator strings.
The written text begins with the string start and ends with the string end.
Inside, the string representations (w.r.t. the method toString)
of all elements of this collection are separated by the string sep.
Example:
scala> val a = List(1,2,3,4)
a: List[Int] = List(1, 2, 3, 4)
scala> val b = new StringBuilder()
b: StringBuilder =
scala> a.addString(b , "List(" , ", " , ")")
res5: StringBuilder = List(1, 2, 3, 4)- Value Params
- b
the string builder to which elements are appended.
- end
the ending string.
- sep
the separator string.
- start
the starting string.
- Returns
the string builder
bto which elements were appended.
Appends all elements of this collection to a string builder using a separator string.
Appends all elements of this collection to a string builder using a separator string.
The written text consists of the string representations (w.r.t. the method toString)
of all elements of this collection, separated by the string sep.
Example:
scala> val a = List(1,2,3,4)
a: List[Int] = List(1, 2, 3, 4)
scala> val b = new StringBuilder()
b: StringBuilder =
scala> a.addString(b, ", ")
res0: StringBuilder = 1, 2, 3, 4- Value Params
- b
the string builder to which elements are appended.
- sep
the separator string.
- Returns
the string builder
bto which elements were appended.
Appends all elements of this collection to a string builder.
Appends all elements of this collection to a string builder.
The written text consists of the string representations (w.r.t. the method
toString) of all elements of this collection without any separator string.
Example:
scala> val a = List(1,2,3,4)
a: List[Int] = List(1, 2, 3, 4)
scala> val b = new StringBuilder()
b: StringBuilder =
scala> val h = a.addString(b)
h: StringBuilder = 1234- Value Params
- b
the string builder to which elements are appended.
- Returns
the string builder
bto which elements were appended.
Finds the first element of the collection for which the given partial function is defined, and applies the partial function to it.
Finds the first element of the collection for which the given partial function is defined, and applies the partial function to it.
Note: may not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered.
- Value Params
- pf
the partial function
- Returns
an option value containing pf applied to the first value for which it is defined, or
Noneif none exists.- Example
Seq("a", 1, 5L).collectFirst({ case x: Int => x*10 }) = Some(10)
Copy elements to an array, returning the number of elements written.
Copy elements to an array, returning the number of elements written.
Fills the given array xs starting at index start with values of this collection.
Copying will stop once either all the elements of this collection have been copied, or the end of the array is reached.
- Type Params
- B
the type of the elements of the array.
- Value Params
- xs
the array to fill.
- Returns
the number of elements written to the array
- Note
Reuse: After calling this method, one should discard the iterator it was called on. Using it is undefined and subject to change.
Copy elements to an array, returning the number of elements written.
Copy elements to an array, returning the number of elements written.
Fills the given array xs starting at index start with values of this collection.
Copying will stop once either all the elements of this collection have been copied, or the end of the array is reached.
- Type Params
- B
the type of the elements of the array.
- Value Params
- start
the starting index of xs.
- xs
the array to fill.
- Returns
the number of elements written to the array
- Note
Reuse: After calling this method, one should discard the iterator it was called on. Using it is undefined and subject to change.
Copy elements to an array, returning the number of elements written.
Copy elements to an array, returning the number of elements written.
Fills the given array xs starting at index start with at most len elements of this collection.
Copying will stop once either all the elements of this collection have been copied,
or the end of the array is reached, or len elements have been copied.
- Type Params
- B
the type of the elements of the array.
- Value Params
- len
the maximal number of elements to copy.
- start
the starting index of xs.
- xs
the array to fill.
- Returns
the number of elements written to the array
- Note
Reuse: After calling this method, one should discard the iterator it was called on. Using it is undefined and subject to change.
Tests whether every element of this collection's iterator relates to the corresponding element of another collection by satisfying a test predicate.
Tests whether every element of this collection's iterator relates to the corresponding element of another collection by satisfying a test predicate.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Type Params
- B
the type of the elements of
that
- Value Params
- p
the test predicate, which relates elements from both collections
- that
the other collection
- Returns
trueif both collections have the same length andp(x, y)istruefor all corresponding elementsxof this iterator andyofthat, otherwisefalse
Counts the number of elements in the collection which satisfy a predicate.
Counts the number of elements in the collection which satisfy a predicate.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Value Params
- p
the predicate used to test elements.
- Returns
the number of elements satisfying the predicate
p.
Tests whether a predicate holds for at least one element of this collection.
Tests whether a predicate holds for at least one element of this collection.
Note: may not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Value Params
- p
the predicate used to test elements.
- Returns
trueif the given predicatepis satisfied by at least one element of this collection, otherwisefalse
Finds the first element of the collection satisfying a predicate, if any.
Finds the first element of the collection satisfying a predicate, if any.
Note: may not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered.
- Value Params
- p
the predicate used to test elements.
- Returns
an option value containing the first element in the collection that satisfies
p, orNoneif none exists.
Folds the elements of this collection using the specified associative binary operator.
Folds the elements of this collection using the specified associative binary operator.
The default implementation in IterableOnce is equivalent to foldLeft but may be
overridden for more efficient traversal orders.
The order in which operations are performed on elements is unspecified and may be nondeterministic.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Type Params
- A1
a type parameter for the binary operator, a supertype of
A.
- Value Params
- op
a binary operator that must be associative.
- z
a neutral element for the fold operation; may be added to the result an arbitrary number of times, and must not change the result (e.g.,
Nilfor list concatenation, 0 for addition, or 1 for multiplication).
- Returns
the result of applying the fold operator
opbetween all the elements andz, orzif this collection is empty.
Applies a binary operator to a start value and all elements of this collection, going left to right.
Applies a binary operator to a start value and all elements of this collection, going left to right.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered or the operator is associative and commutative.
- Type Params
- B
the result type of the binary operator.
- Value Params
- op
the binary operator.
- z
the start value.
- Returns
the result of inserting
opbetween consecutive elements of this collection, going left to right with the start valuezon the left:op(...op(z, x1), x2, ..., xn)wherex1, ..., xnare the elements of this collection. Returnszif this collection is empty.
Applies a binary operator to all elements of this collection and a start value, going right to left.
Applies a binary operator to all elements of this collection and a start value, going right to left.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered or the operator is associative and commutative.
- Type Params
- B
the result type of the binary operator.
- Value Params
- op
the binary operator.
- z
the start value.
- Returns
the result of inserting
opbetween consecutive elements of this collection, going right to left with the start valuezon the right:op(x1, op(x2, ... op(xn, z)...))wherex1, ..., xnare the elements of this collection. Returnszif this collection is empty.
Tests whether a predicate holds for all elements of this collection.
Tests whether a predicate holds for all elements of this collection.
Note: may not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Value Params
- p
the predicate used to test elements.
- Returns
trueif this collection is empty or the given predicatepholds for all elements of this collection, otherwisefalse.
Apply f to each element for its side effects
Note: [U] parameter needed to help scalac's type inference.
Apply f to each element for its side effects
Note: [U] parameter needed to help scalac's type inference.
Tests whether the collection is empty.
Tests whether the collection is empty.
Note: Implementations in subclasses that are not repeatedly traversable must take
care not to consume any elements when isEmpty is called.
- Returns
trueif the collection contains no elements,falseotherwise.
Tests whether this collection can be repeatedly traversed.
Tests whether this collection can be repeatedly traversed. Always true for Iterables and false for Iterators unless overridden.
- Returns
trueif it is repeatedly traversable,falseotherwise.
Finds the largest element.
Finds the largest element.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Type Params
- B
The type over which the ordering is defined.
- Value Params
- ord
An ordering to be used for comparing elements.
- Returns
the largest element of this collection with respect to the ordering
ord.- Throws
- UnsupportedOperationException
if this collection is empty.
Finds the first element which yields the largest value measured by function f.
Finds the first element which yields the largest value measured by function f.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Type Params
- B
The result type of the function f.
- Value Params
- cmp
An ordering to be used for comparing elements.
- f
The measuring function.
- Returns
the first element of this collection with the largest value measured by function f with respect to the ordering
cmp.- Throws
- UnsupportedOperationException
if this collection is empty.
Finds the first element which yields the largest value measured by function f.
Finds the first element which yields the largest value measured by function f.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Type Params
- B
The result type of the function f.
- Value Params
- cmp
An ordering to be used for comparing elements.
- f
The measuring function.
- Returns
an option value containing the first element of this collection with the largest value measured by function f with respect to the ordering
cmp.
Finds the largest element.
Finds the largest element.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Type Params
- B
The type over which the ordering is defined.
- Value Params
- ord
An ordering to be used for comparing elements.
- Returns
an option value containing the largest element of this collection with respect to the ordering
ord.
Finds the smallest element.
Finds the smallest element.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Type Params
- B
The type over which the ordering is defined.
- Value Params
- ord
An ordering to be used for comparing elements.
- Returns
the smallest element of this collection with respect to the ordering
ord.- Throws
- UnsupportedOperationException
if this collection is empty.
Finds the first element which yields the smallest value measured by function f.
Finds the first element which yields the smallest value measured by function f.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Type Params
- B
The result type of the function f.
- Value Params
- cmp
An ordering to be used for comparing elements.
- f
The measuring function.
- Returns
the first element of this collection with the smallest value measured by function f with respect to the ordering
cmp.- Throws
- UnsupportedOperationException
if this collection is empty.
Finds the first element which yields the smallest value measured by function f.
Finds the first element which yields the smallest value measured by function f.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Type Params
- B
The result type of the function f.
- Value Params
- cmp
An ordering to be used for comparing elements.
- f
The measuring function.
- Returns
an option value containing the first element of this collection with the smallest value measured by function f with respect to the ordering
cmp.
Finds the smallest element.
Finds the smallest element.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Type Params
- B
The type over which the ordering is defined.
- Value Params
- ord
An ordering to be used for comparing elements.
- Returns
an option value containing the smallest element of this collection with respect to the ordering
ord.
Displays all elements of this collection in a string using start, end, and separator strings.
Displays all elements of this collection in a string using start, end, and separator strings.
Delegates to addString, which can be overridden.
- Value Params
- end
the ending string.
- sep
the separator string.
- start
the starting string.
- Returns
a string representation of this collection. The resulting string begins with the string
startand ends with the stringend. Inside, the string representations (w.r.t. the methodtoString) of all elements of this collection are separated by the stringsep.- Example
List(1, 2, 3).mkString("(", "; ", ")") = "(1; 2; 3)"
Displays all elements of this collection in a string using a separator string.
Displays all elements of this collection in a string using a separator string.
Delegates to addString, which can be overridden.
- Value Params
- sep
the separator string.
- Returns
a string representation of this collection. In the resulting string the string representations (w.r.t. the method
toString) of all elements of this collection are separated by the stringsep.- Example
List(1, 2, 3).mkString("|") = "1|2|3"
Displays all elements of this collection in a string.
Displays all elements of this collection in a string.
Delegates to addString, which can be overridden.
- Returns
a string representation of this collection. In the resulting string the string representations (w.r.t. the method
toString) of all elements of this collection follow each other without any separator string.
Tests whether the collection is not empty.
Tests whether the collection is not empty.
- Returns
trueif the collection contains at least one element,falseotherwise.
Multiplies up the elements of this collection.
Multiplies up the elements of this collection.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Type Params
- B
the result type of the
*operator.
- Value Params
- num
an implicit parameter defining a set of numeric operations which includes the
*operator to be used in forming the product.
- Returns
the product of all elements of this collection with respect to the
*operator innum.
Reduces the elements of this collection using the specified associative binary operator.
Reduces the elements of this collection using the specified associative binary operator.
The order in which operations are performed on elements is unspecified and may be nondeterministic.
- Type Params
- B
A type parameter for the binary operator, a supertype of
A.
- Value Params
- op
A binary operator that must be associative.
- Returns
The result of applying reduce operator
opbetween all the elements if the collection is nonempty.- Throws
- UnsupportedOperationException
if this collection is empty.
Applies a binary operator to all elements of this collection, going left to right.
Applies a binary operator to all elements of this collection, going left to right.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered or the operator is associative and commutative.
- Type Params
- B
the result type of the binary operator.
- Value Params
- op
the binary operator.
- Returns
the result of inserting
opbetween consecutive elements of this collection, going left to right:op( op( ... op(x1, x2) ..., xn-1), xn)wherex1, ..., xnare the elements of this collection.- Throws
- UnsupportedOperationException
if this collection is empty.
Optionally applies a binary operator to all elements of this collection, going left to right.
Optionally applies a binary operator to all elements of this collection, going left to right.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered or the operator is associative and commutative.
- Type Params
- B
the result type of the binary operator.
- Value Params
- op
the binary operator.
- Returns
an option value containing the result of
reduceLeft(op)if this collection is nonempty,Noneotherwise.
Reduces the elements of this collection, if any, using the specified associative binary operator.
Reduces the elements of this collection, if any, using the specified associative binary operator.
The order in which operations are performed on elements is unspecified and may be nondeterministic.
- Type Params
- B
A type parameter for the binary operator, a supertype of
A.
- Value Params
- op
A binary operator that must be associative.
- Returns
An option value containing result of applying reduce operator
opbetween all the elements if the collection is nonempty, andNoneotherwise.
Applies a binary operator to all elements of this collection, going right to left.
Applies a binary operator to all elements of this collection, going right to left.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered or the operator is associative and commutative.
- Type Params
- B
the result type of the binary operator.
- Value Params
- op
the binary operator.
- Returns
the result of inserting
opbetween consecutive elements of this collection, going right to left:op(x1, op(x2, ..., op(xn-1, xn)...))wherex1, ..., xnare the elements of this collection.- Throws
- UnsupportedOperationException
if this collection is empty.
Optionally applies a binary operator to all elements of this collection, going right to left.
Optionally applies a binary operator to all elements of this collection, going right to left.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered or the operator is associative and commutative.
- Type Params
- B
the result type of the binary operator.
- Value Params
- op
the binary operator.
- Returns
an option value containing the result of
reduceRight(op)if this collection is nonempty,Noneotherwise.
The size of this collection.
The size of this collection.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Returns
the number of elements in this collection.
Splits this collection into a prefix/suffix pair at a given position.
Splits this collection into a prefix/suffix pair at a given position.
Note: c splitAt n is equivalent to (but possibly more efficient than)
(c take n, c drop n).
Note: might return different results for different runs, unless the underlying collection type is ordered.
- Value Params
- n
the position at which to split.
- Returns
a pair of collections consisting of the first
nelements of this collection, and the other elements.
Sums up the elements of this collection.
Sums up the elements of this collection.
Note: will not terminate for infinite-sized collections.
- Type Params
- B
the result type of the
+operator.
- Value Params
- num
an implicit parameter defining a set of numeric operations which includes the
+operator to be used in forming the sum.
- Returns
the sum of all elements of this collection with respect to the
+operator innum.
Given a collection factory factory, convert this collection to the appropriate
representation for the current element type A.
Given a collection factory factory, convert this collection to the appropriate
representation for the current element type A. Example uses:
xs.to(List) xs.to(ArrayBuffer) xs.to(BitSet) // for xs: Iterable[Int]
Convert collection to array.
Convert collection to array.
Implementation note: DO NOT call Array.from from this method.
Deprecated methods
- Deprecated
Tests whether this collection is known to have a finite size.
Tests whether this collection is known to have a finite size.
All strict collections are known to have finite size. For a non-strict
collection such as Stream, the predicate returns true if all
elements have been computed. It returns false if the stream is
not yet evaluated to the end. Non-empty Iterators usually return
false even if they were created from a collection with a known
finite size.
Note: many collection methods will not work on collections of infinite sizes.
The typical failure mode is an infinite loop. These methods always attempt a
traversal without checking first that hasDefiniteSize returns true.
However, checking hasDefiniteSize can provide an assurance that size is
well-defined and non-termination is not a concern.
- Returns
trueif this collection is known to have finite size,falseotherwise.- See also
method
knownSizefor a more useful alternative- Deprecated
This method is deprecated in 2.13 because it does not provide any actionable information. As noted above, even the collection library itself does not use it. When there is no guarantee that a collection is finite, it is generally best to attempt a computation anyway and document that it will not terminate for infinite collections rather than backing out because this would prevent performing the computation on collections that are in fact finite even though
hasDefiniteSizereturnsfalse.